Here are 50 multiple-choice questions with answers related to Jainism and Buddhism for competitive exams:
1. Which religion believes in the concept of "ahimsa" or non-violence?
a) Jainism
b) Buddhism
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both
2. Who is considered the founder of Jainism?
a) Mahavira
b) Gautama Buddha
c) Ashoka the Great
d) Adi Shankara
Answer: a) Mahavira
3. Which Buddhist scripture contains the teachings of Gautama Buddha?
a) Vedas
b) Tripitaka
c) Upanishads
d) Bhagavad Gita
Answer: b) Tripitaka
4. The three jewels of Buddhism are the Buddha, the Dharma, and the __________.
a) Sangha
b) Karma
c) Nirvana
d) Samsara
Answer: a) Sangha
5. Jainism and Buddhism both originated in which ancient kingdom?
a) Magadha
b) Maurya
c) Gupta
d) Vijayanagara
Answer: a) Magadha
6. Which one of the following is not a noble truth in Buddhism?
a) Life is suffering
b) Suffering is caused by desire
c) The end of suffering is attainable
d) Suffering is eternal
Answer: d) Suffering is eternal
7. The Jain concept of "anekantavada" refers to:
a) Non-violence
b) Non-attachment
c) Non-absolutism
d) Non-duality
Answer: c) Non-absolutism
8. The first Tirthankara of Jainism was:
a) Rishabhanatha
b) Parshvanatha
c) Mahavira
d) Neminatha
Answer: a) Rishabhanatha
9. The Eightfold Path is a central concept in:
a) Jainism
b) Buddhism
c) Sikhism
d) Hinduism
Answer: b) Buddhism
10. The concept of "karma" is important in both Jainism and Buddhism. What does it refer to?
a) Good deeds
b) Reincarnation
c) Moral law of cause and effect
d) Spiritual liberation
Answer: c) Moral law of cause and effect
11. The Jain symbol of a hand with a wheel on the palm represents:
a) Ahimsa
b) Jiva
c) Dharma
d) Karma
Answer: a) Ahimsa
12. Which Buddhist festival commemorates the birth, enlightenment, and death of Gautama Buddha?
a) Vesak
b) Diwali
c) Holi
d) Navaratri
Answer: a) Vesak
13. Jain monks and nuns follow strict principles of conduct known as:
a) Pancha Sila
b) Pancha Precept
c) Pancha Mahavrata
d) Pancha Paramita
Answer: c) Pancha Mahavrata
14. The concept of "Nirvana" is associated with:
a) Jainism
b) Buddhism
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both
15. Who was the chief disciple of
Gautama Buddha?
a) Ananda
b) Sariputta
c) Moggallana
d) Mahakasyapa
Answer: a) Ananda
16. The Buddhist term "Dukkha" refers to:
a) Enlightenment
b) Suffering
c) Liberation
d) Compassion
Answer: b) Suffering
17. Jainism believes in the existence of eternal and infinite souls called:
a) Atman
b) Jiva
c) Brahman
d) Paramatman
Answer: b) Jiva
18. The founder of the Maurya Empire, Ashoka, converted to Buddhism after the:
a) Battle of Kalinga
b) Battle of Panipat
c) Battle of Plassey
d) Battle of Haldighati
Answer: a) Battle of Kalinga
19. The Buddhist term "Samsara" refers to:
a) Liberation
b) Cycle of rebirth
c) Enlightenment
d) Impermanence
Answer: b) Cycle of rebirth
20. The Jain text known as the "Siddhanta" was written in which language?
a) Sanskrit
b) Pali
c) Prakrit
d) Tamil
Answer: c) Prakrit
21. The Buddhist concept of "Anatta" emphasizes the absence of:
a) Karma
b) Suffering
c) Self
d) Desire
Answer: c) Self
22. Which of the following is not one of the Five Precepts of Buddhism?
a) Do not kill
b) Do not steal
c) Do not lie
d) Do not accumulate wealth
Answer: d) Do not accumulate wealth
23. The Jain festival of Paryushana is a time for:
a) Fasting and self-discipline
b) Celebrating the birth of Mahavira
c) Offering prayers to the Tirthankaras
d) Pilgrimage to sacred Jain temples
Answer: a) Fasting and self-discipline
24. The Buddhist term "Bodhisattva" refers to:
a) An enlightened being
b) A Jain monk
c) A Jain nun
d) A compassionate being seeking enlightenment
Answer: d) A compassionate being seeking enlightenment
25. The Jain philosophy of non-attachment to worldly possessions is known as:
a) Aparigraha
b) Anitya
c) Ahimsa
d) Asteya
Answer: a) Aparigraha
26. The Buddhist symbol of the lotus flower represents:
a) Enlightenment
b) Reincarnation
c) Compassion
d) Impermanence
Answer: a) Enlightenment
27. The "Three Marks of Existence" in Buddhism are:
a) Dharma, Karma, Samsara
b) Anicca, Dukkha, Anatta
c) Nirvana, Bodhisattva, Sangha
d) Ahimsa, Anekantavada, Aparigraha
Answer: b) Anicca, Dukkha, Anatta
28. Jainism divides time into two cycles called:
a) Yugas
b) Kalpas
c) Samskaras
d) Avatars
Answer: a) Yugas
29. The Buddhist concept of "Metta" refers to:
a) Loving-kindness
b) Meditation
c) Enlightenment
d) Liberation
Answer: a) Loving-kindness
30. Which of the following is not one of the Five Great Vows in Jainism?
a) Ahimsa
b) Satya
c) Asteya
d) Moksha
Answer: d) Moksha
31. The Buddhist term "Sangha" refers to:
a) The community of Buddhist monks and nuns
b) The cycle of birth and death
c) The path to enlightenment
d) The ultimate reality
Answer: a) The community of Buddhist monks and nuns
32. The Jain concept of "Loka" refers to:
a) The material world
b) Liberation
c) The sacred scriptures
d) The ultimate truth
Answer: a) The material world
33. The Buddhist monastic order is known as the:
a) Bhikkhu
b) Bhikshu
c) Sangha
d) Vihara
Answer: c) Sangha
34. The Jain symbol of a swastika represents:
a) Good luck and auspiciousness
b) Liberation from samsara
c) Non-violence
d) Impermanence
Answer: a) Good luck and auspiciousness
35. The Buddhist concept of "Anicca" refers to:
a) Impermanence
b) Enlightenment
c) Non-violence
d) Compassion
Answer: a) Impermanence
36. Which Jain Tirthankara is considered the founder of the modern Jain religion?
a) Mahavira
b) Rishabhanatha
c) Parshvanatha
d) Neminatha
Answer: b) Rishabhanatha
37. The Buddhist term "Sila" refers to:
a) Meditation
b) Morality and ethics
c) Wisdom
d) Liberation
Answer: b) Morality and ethics
38. In Jainism, the term "Moksha" refers to:
a) Liberation from the cycle of birth and death
b) The path to enlightenment
c) The five vows
d) The sacred texts
Answer: a) Liberation from the cycle of birth and death
39. The Buddhist term "Noble Eightfold Path" consists of:
a) Right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration
b) Right belief, right worship, right sacrifice, right rituals, right prayer, right meditation, right devotion, right pilgrimage
c) Right knowledge, right action, right devotion, right obedience, right purification, right charity, right asceticism, right renunciation
d) Right study, right reflection, right debate, right austerity, right fasting, right penance, right rituals, right recitation
Answer: a) Right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration
40. The Jain text known as the "Kalpasutra" was written in which language?
a) Sanskrit
b) Pali
c) Prakrit
d) Tamil
Answer: c) Prakrit
41. The Buddhist term "Dharma" refers to:
a) The teachings of Gautama Buddha
b) Duty and
righteousness
c) Liberation from samsara
d) The ultimate reality
Answer: a) The teachings of Gautama Buddha
42. The Jain practice of fasting until death is called:
a) Sallekhana
b) Pratikramana
c) Tapa
d) Samayika
Answer: a) Sallekhana
43. The Buddhist term "Mara" represents:
a) The god of death and desire
b) The wheel of existence
c) The path to enlightenment
d) The highest state of consciousness
Answer: a) The god of death and desire
44. The Jain festival of Diwali commemorates:
a) The birth of Mahavira
b) The enlightenment of Mahavira
c) The liberation of Mahavira
d) The nirvana of Mahavira
Answer: d) The nirvana of Mahavira
45. The Buddhist term "Samadhi" refers to:
a) Concentration and meditative absorption
b) Compassion and loving-kindness
c) Rituals and ceremonies
d) The cycle of birth and death
Answer: a) Concentration and meditative absorption
46. The Jain concept of "Anekantavada" emphasizes:
a) Non-violence
b) Non-attachment
c) Non-absolutism
d) Non-duality
Answer: c) Non-absolutism
47. The Buddhist term "Karma" refers to:
a) The cycle of birth and death
b) Moral law of cause and effect
c) The ultimate reality
d) The path to enlightenment
Answer: b) Moral law of cause and effect
48. The Jain symbol of a swastika represents:
a) Liberation from samsara
b) Non-violence
c) Impermanence
d) Good luck and auspiciousness
Answer: d) Good luck and auspiciousness
49. The Buddhist term "Nibbana" is equivalent to:
a) Nirvana
b) Moksha
c) Samsara
d) Dharma
Answer: a) Nirvana
50. The Jain scripture known as the "Tattvartha Sutra" was written by:
a) Mahavira
b) Rishabhanatha
c) Parshvanatha
d) Umasvati
Answer: d) Umasvati
These questions cover various aspects of Jainism and Buddhism and should provide a good foundation for competitive exam preparation. Good luck with your studies!
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